Thursday, October 21, 2010
Time Traveling Adventure
Well hello :) My name is Maggie Ridenour, and I'll be time traveling through the most important times of Chinese history. I can fast forward and push play whenever, so I can go through large spans of time. I hope you enjoy my journey, for it was an amazing experience! Sometime's I'll meet emperors, and other times I'll interact with the common people. Please enjoy yourself as you read through history!
Lao Zi and Taoism
Lao Zi was born in 585 BCE. This guy would be the beginning of my time traveling adventure, and I couldn't have wished for a better start. I met him at the point when he worked in a library, and we became rather close. He told me he had been born in the state Chu during the Zhou Dynasty. He told me he wanted to be a member of the court, and I persuaded him to go for it. As he did, and he was rewarded the job.
Every once in a while, Confucius ( a great man I will visit later) would come to this man for advice. He did give the best advise.
Not only did I talk to Lao Zi, but people who lived around him. They said that there were stories Lao Zi had been in the womb for 80 years before he was actually born, so he was 80 years old when he came out.
One day, when Lao Zi and I were traveling west, we were stopped by a man of the name Yin Xi. Yin Xi, I later found out, was a follower of Lao. Anyways, he asked us for a permit to leave and we did not have one. Instead, Lao Zi wrote a 5,000 word essay about his philosophy so we could pass. This essay later became Dao De Jing (book of virtue.) The concept of this book was to explain all the changes in the universe.
My favorite quote of Lao Zi's was this, "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step."
Lao Zi created Taoism. Taoism was said to be the way, or the path. The word "Tao" deemed the mysterious source of idea of all existence. Tao is the birth of all things, but independent from all other things. People who believe in Taoism believe you should go with the flow, don't try and change life, obedience, no conflict, harmony, yin and yang, and nature is very good and should not be destroyed.
http://www.accschinese.com/accsblog/?cat=3
Every once in a while, Confucius ( a great man I will visit later) would come to this man for advice. He did give the best advise.
Not only did I talk to Lao Zi, but people who lived around him. They said that there were stories Lao Zi had been in the womb for 80 years before he was actually born, so he was 80 years old when he came out.
One day, when Lao Zi and I were traveling west, we were stopped by a man of the name Yin Xi. Yin Xi, I later found out, was a follower of Lao. Anyways, he asked us for a permit to leave and we did not have one. Instead, Lao Zi wrote a 5,000 word essay about his philosophy so we could pass. This essay later became Dao De Jing (book of virtue.) The concept of this book was to explain all the changes in the universe.
My favorite quote of Lao Zi's was this, "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step."
Lao Zi created Taoism. Taoism was said to be the way, or the path. The word "Tao" deemed the mysterious source of idea of all existence. Tao is the birth of all things, but independent from all other things. People who believe in Taoism believe you should go with the flow, don't try and change life, obedience, no conflict, harmony, yin and yang, and nature is very good and should not be destroyed.
http://www.accschinese.com/accsblog/?cat=3
Wednesday, October 20, 2010
Buddhism comes to China
Buddha was one interesting guy. When I met him, before he became enlightened one, his name was Siddhartha Gautama. He was born in 563 BCE. Unlike many other religious figures, Siddhartha was handsome and grew up very wealthy. At the time, I wasn't so much interested in him and I was in his father.
One day I asked him. "Sir, your a king. And yet you pay so much attention to your son, and he is never allowed to leave the castle. At least not without heavy protection and many people going in front of him. I have a feeling it's not all done for your son's safety?"
His response was shaky, like he didn't want to admit to it. "I'm afraid you're right. When Siddhartha was born I took to a fortune teller, and she said he would either become a great king and unify all of China or become 'awake' and influence the world in a religious way. I, of course, wanted him to become the king. Up until he was 16, my plan worked. He was married and happy. Then my guards let me down, and on his walks he saw 4 horrible things. Sickness, old age, and death. The last one isn't horrible, just something I wish he hadn't seen. He saw a monk, and I believe that is what he wants to be. I won't let him, so he become more unhappy with every passing day."
This was true, and at the age of 29 Siddhartha leaves for a forest and stays in it for 6 years being a Hindu monk, looking for the realm of life in which there is neither death nor sickness. Eventually he sits under this tree, which is now known as his immovable spot. He sat there and remembered all of his previous lives, and was able to end the cycle. He became enlightened. And here comes Buddhism.
It comes out of Hinduism, preached against ritual, preached against reincarnation, 4 noble truths (Dukkha, Tanha, Overcoming, and Eightfold path), and Nirvana. The Buddha dies in 483 BCE.
India was first to take in Buddhism in about 300 BCE. It came to China by being spread along the silk road, and actually reached China during the later Han Dynasty ( 206-220 AD).
http://www.mokeytree.org/silkroad/mindbody/buddhism.html
One day I asked him. "Sir, your a king. And yet you pay so much attention to your son, and he is never allowed to leave the castle. At least not without heavy protection and many people going in front of him. I have a feeling it's not all done for your son's safety?"
His response was shaky, like he didn't want to admit to it. "I'm afraid you're right. When Siddhartha was born I took to a fortune teller, and she said he would either become a great king and unify all of China or become 'awake' and influence the world in a religious way. I, of course, wanted him to become the king. Up until he was 16, my plan worked. He was married and happy. Then my guards let me down, and on his walks he saw 4 horrible things. Sickness, old age, and death. The last one isn't horrible, just something I wish he hadn't seen. He saw a monk, and I believe that is what he wants to be. I won't let him, so he become more unhappy with every passing day."
This was true, and at the age of 29 Siddhartha leaves for a forest and stays in it for 6 years being a Hindu monk, looking for the realm of life in which there is neither death nor sickness. Eventually he sits under this tree, which is now known as his immovable spot. He sat there and remembered all of his previous lives, and was able to end the cycle. He became enlightened. And here comes Buddhism.
It comes out of Hinduism, preached against ritual, preached against reincarnation, 4 noble truths (Dukkha, Tanha, Overcoming, and Eightfold path), and Nirvana. The Buddha dies in 483 BCE.
India was first to take in Buddhism in about 300 BCE. It came to China by being spread along the silk road, and actually reached China during the later Han Dynasty ( 206-220 AD).
http://www.mokeytree.org/silkroad/mindbody/buddhism.html
Unification Of China
China became unified by the Qin Dynasty in 221 BCE. The first emperor was Ying Zheng, but he later renamed himself Qin Shi Huangdi. At 13 years-old he becomes emperor because his father was killed. This troubles him a bit, he begins to always worry about people wanting to kill him. Later, this will drive him into madness. Huangdi had three great feats. 1. Unifying China. 2. The Great Wall, and 3. his tomb. Unifying China was obviously the biggest. Visiting this time period was a little tricky, I had to go over a wide span of time. I started rather early, in 475 BCE. This is when warring states had many conflicts, and there were 7 kingdoms. This period ended in 221 BCE when the Qin Dynasty came into play.
As I was saying, at 13 Huangdi was rather troubled. Not only had his father been murdered, but people wanted to murder him too. At the age of 22, he found out that his mother was included in that group of people. He banned her from China, along with her new husband and the sons. This is where it really got interesting, and when I started talking to Huangdi. I became a close personal friend of his. After banning his mother, he was very confused. I finally got him talking, and he decided to take his hard past and turn it into something big. he decided he wanted to finish unifying China. For a while, there had been a conflict between Qin and Chu. In the end, Qin won. China was finally at peace, at least for the time being.
http://www2.hawaii.edu/~kjolly/151/09qinimag.htm
As I was saying, at 13 Huangdi was rather troubled. Not only had his father been murdered, but people wanted to murder him too. At the age of 22, he found out that his mother was included in that group of people. He banned her from China, along with her new husband and the sons. This is where it really got interesting, and when I started talking to Huangdi. I became a close personal friend of his. After banning his mother, he was very confused. I finally got him talking, and he decided to take his hard past and turn it into something big. he decided he wanted to finish unifying China. For a while, there had been a conflict between Qin and Chu. In the end, Qin won. China was finally at peace, at least for the time being.
http://www2.hawaii.edu/~kjolly/151/09qinimag.htm
Great Wall
China's first emperor, Qin Shi Huangdi began the Great Wall in 220 BCE. This wall is one of the greatest engineering feats, so I just had to go see how it was made. The great wall in China is "Cheng Cheng." For the great wall, I found it necessary to interact with the common people and find their views. I declare myself pretty stupid for doing this.
Back breaking labor. Starvation. Literally working to your death. This is what the common Chinese people suffered during the building of the Great Wall. People worked in rags, and over 1 million people worked on the wall. 1/4 of them died, and the dead were buried in the wall. This first great wall doesn't look like the one standing today. At the time of Huangdi's death, it was 3,000 miles long. This first wall was built with a wooden frame, and gravel and mud were poured in and then beaten until hard, ect. Concrete was then poured on the top of this. This was not as strong nor as high as the wall that stands today.
Talking to the common people of China, I found that they had a suspicion about this wall. This suspicion was that the wall was not only meant to keep people out, but also to keep people in. This caused many people to hate the wall, and some even planed to kill Huangdi. This drove him to madness. He buried people alive to show he still had power, and wanted to finish building his tomb. He ended up building a total of 4,000 people alive, including his own son.
This guy was brilliant for unifying China, but the power went to his head and turned him mad.
http://www2.hawaii.edu/~kjolly/151/09qinimag.htm
Back breaking labor. Starvation. Literally working to your death. This is what the common Chinese people suffered during the building of the Great Wall. People worked in rags, and over 1 million people worked on the wall. 1/4 of them died, and the dead were buried in the wall. This first great wall doesn't look like the one standing today. At the time of Huangdi's death, it was 3,000 miles long. This first wall was built with a wooden frame, and gravel and mud were poured in and then beaten until hard, ect. Concrete was then poured on the top of this. This was not as strong nor as high as the wall that stands today.
Talking to the common people of China, I found that they had a suspicion about this wall. This suspicion was that the wall was not only meant to keep people out, but also to keep people in. This caused many people to hate the wall, and some even planed to kill Huangdi. This drove him to madness. He buried people alive to show he still had power, and wanted to finish building his tomb. He ended up building a total of 4,000 people alive, including his own son.
This guy was brilliant for unifying China, but the power went to his head and turned him mad.
http://www2.hawaii.edu/~kjolly/151/09qinimag.htm
Han Dynasty
The Han Dynasty came after the Qin Dynasty in 206 BCE. This dynasty returned peace after Qin Shi Huangdi's death. The first and only emperor of this dynasty was Liu Bang. He was a tiny bit crazy. Not in a bad way of course! Liu Bang decided to extend the great wall that Huangdi had started. I'm not going to lie, when we talked about it, it sounded like a great idea! First, Liu decided to expand the great wall to the west. He also made the distance between watch towers closer, the distance between them was now 1-3 miles. In some areas the distance was decreased to 500 yards between watch towers. This normally occurred where war and conflicts happened a lot. Watch towers now had stairs and rooms for food and soldiers to stay. People could also use flags, smoke, drums, and symbols to warn everyone else of enemies coming, different signals were used for different reasons. This all was quite genius, and made the great wall much more effective than it use to be. Many people were killed during the re-making of the wall. The wall built in the Han Dynasty looks like what the wall now looks like, just less eroded and less old and broken looking.
Than Han Dynasty also consumed and changed the east. In 184, there was a peasant rebellion and the Han Dynasty came to an end. The peace that had been created during this dynasty was over, and turmoil, once again, began.
Than Han Dynasty also consumed and changed the east. In 184, there was a peasant rebellion and the Han Dynasty came to an end. The peace that had been created during this dynasty was over, and turmoil, once again, began.
Http://library.thinkquest.org/C005742/PaintHist_1content.htm
Confucius
Confucius was one of my favorite people to meet, ever. He was born in northwest China during the Chou Dynasty in 551 BCE before China was unified. And, at the age of three, is when I first looked at this boy. His father past away, and he was left to live with his mom in poverty. This is much like Muhammad, I remembered. As he grew, and as I fast forwarded through his life, the Chou Dynasty ended. Many rival warlords would fight, there was many wars, and people fighting all the time. This fighting would continue from his child hood into his teenage years. And somehow, out of all this madness, Confucius develops this idea of goodness. This is where I press play on my little remote. How could someone who had been through so much end up with goodness on their mind? Especially when people had done them so much wrong...
So, I went up to him, and I asked him, what does this goodness mean? And he responded with, well, it would hold society together. Society would find its harmony if everyone preformed their duties. If rulers are good, the people will follow their example. Goodness means humanity is the center of Haven and Earth. Family, which is very important, is the foundation of society. That is what goodness is.
Wow. So goodness isn't just being good, but so much more. Well, to continue with the story of his life, Confucius got a government job, and tried to put his ideas of goodness into practice. This resulted in him being dismissed from his job, and spent as the worst thing ever, a wandering teacher. He died in 479 BCE. It wasn't until 200 years later that the Han Dynasty would make Confucianism the official state Philosophy. So, to someone who met Confucius during his life wouldn't think him of much, being a wandering teacher and all. But this man influenced not only the Han Dynasty, but also the Tang and Sung Dynasty's, which were the two golden ages of China.
So, I went up to him, and I asked him, what does this goodness mean? And he responded with, well, it would hold society together. Society would find its harmony if everyone preformed their duties. If rulers are good, the people will follow their example. Goodness means humanity is the center of Haven and Earth. Family, which is very important, is the foundation of society. That is what goodness is.
Wow. So goodness isn't just being good, but so much more. Well, to continue with the story of his life, Confucius got a government job, and tried to put his ideas of goodness into practice. This resulted in him being dismissed from his job, and spent as the worst thing ever, a wandering teacher. He died in 479 BCE. It wasn't until 200 years later that the Han Dynasty would make Confucianism the official state Philosophy. So, to someone who met Confucius during his life wouldn't think him of much, being a wandering teacher and all. But this man influenced not only the Han Dynasty, but also the Tang and Sung Dynasty's, which were the two golden ages of China.
Tang Dynasty
This was the first golden age of China. The first question that may pop into your mind is why? At least, that's what I was wondering. And because of my great time traveling machine, I was allowed to travel back into time and figure out exactly what went down to make this dynasty so great!
After the Han dynasty, China remained divided for almost 400 years. China still functioned, but was not as strong as it had been. In 618, the Tang Dynasty began. Li Yuan was the first emperor, but it was his son Tan Taizong who was the big deal. So, as you can guess, Tan is the guy I visited. Tan was a brilliant general, a government reformer, historian, and master of calligraphy. He restored the Han Confucianism idea, and used the civil test (only smartest people are educated and given good jobs). This made sure all government officials and people of high power were well educated and naturally smart. Because of its success, Vietnam, Tibet, and Korea became part of this dynasty.
After hanging with Tan, I felt like I needed a change of pace. I needed to go somewhere a little more artsy, and find the real reason why the Tang Dynasty was a golden age.
Well, my answer laid in the hands of Li-po and Du fu. Who are these men? The two greatest poets of the Tang Dynasty. In fact, there poetry was so great and inspirational, it inspired art and literature that will come in the Sung Dynasty, which I will explore next. These guys were great! Except, they never really got out of poetry mode when you talked to them, and that could get a little annoying at times.
The Tang Dynasty was not perfect though. Territories were lost to Arab invaders, and because of high taxes and drought, a rebellion occurred. The Mandate of Heaven was taken away, and the Tang Dynasty fell in 907.
After the Han dynasty, China remained divided for almost 400 years. China still functioned, but was not as strong as it had been. In 618, the Tang Dynasty began. Li Yuan was the first emperor, but it was his son Tan Taizong who was the big deal. So, as you can guess, Tan is the guy I visited. Tan was a brilliant general, a government reformer, historian, and master of calligraphy. He restored the Han Confucianism idea, and used the civil test (only smartest people are educated and given good jobs). This made sure all government officials and people of high power were well educated and naturally smart. Because of its success, Vietnam, Tibet, and Korea became part of this dynasty.
After hanging with Tan, I felt like I needed a change of pace. I needed to go somewhere a little more artsy, and find the real reason why the Tang Dynasty was a golden age.
Well, my answer laid in the hands of Li-po and Du fu. Who are these men? The two greatest poets of the Tang Dynasty. In fact, there poetry was so great and inspirational, it inspired art and literature that will come in the Sung Dynasty, which I will explore next. These guys were great! Except, they never really got out of poetry mode when you talked to them, and that could get a little annoying at times.
The Tang Dynasty was not perfect though. Territories were lost to Arab invaders, and because of high taxes and drought, a rebellion occurred. The Mandate of Heaven was taken away, and the Tang Dynasty fell in 907.
https://socialstuds.wikispaces.com/file/view/Emperor_Tang_Taizong.jpg/69771949/Emperor_Tang_Taizong.jpg
Tuesday, October 19, 2010
Sung Dynasty
This was my other favorite time period to travel to... the Sung Dynasty. The sung dynasty is the other golden age of China, and began in 960 A.D. until the Mongols overtook it in the 1200's. Zhao Kuang Yin, someone who I'm very glad to say I met, is the Emperor who reunited China and founded this Dynasty.
What made this dynasty so great? Growing rice. Crazy right? But it worked. Upon visiting this era, I not only talked to the emperor but also the common people. They told me that they grew more rice than they ever had before, two crops of rice per year! This provided a surplus of rice, so not everyone had to grow rice anymore. Now more people could pursue commerce, learning, and arts. (wen)
Another highlight of the Sung Dynasty is the Grand Canal. The grand canal was originally built in the Sui dynasty in between the years 589-618. The grand Canal was 1,200 miles long and was built from the Yangtze to Yellow river. This canal linked northern and southern China, and was a generator of wealth in China. Many people lived along it, and still do. So, if the grand canal was built during the Sui Dynasty, why is it so important in the Sung Dynasty? Well, during the Sung Dynasty food was shipped from southern China to the capital in the North. This was very profitable, and reached its peak during this Dynasty.
As all golden ages, people were now allowed to really prosper. The Sung Dynasty invented the compass, movable type printing press and woodblock printing. Many things were discovered in science, philosophy, and engineering. Confucianism and Buddhism expanded. And, as in the Tang Dynasty, trade flourished and paper money began to be used.
Wow the sung Dynasty was beautiful... and life was easy! It was so sad that it had to be overthrown! Ah well... it was time well traveled.
http://www.toddborg.com/Art.htm
http://www.suite101.com/content/art-and-literature-of-the-sung-dynasty-a142922
What made this dynasty so great? Growing rice. Crazy right? But it worked. Upon visiting this era, I not only talked to the emperor but also the common people. They told me that they grew more rice than they ever had before, two crops of rice per year! This provided a surplus of rice, so not everyone had to grow rice anymore. Now more people could pursue commerce, learning, and arts. (wen)
Another highlight of the Sung Dynasty is the Grand Canal. The grand canal was originally built in the Sui dynasty in between the years 589-618. The grand Canal was 1,200 miles long and was built from the Yangtze to Yellow river. This canal linked northern and southern China, and was a generator of wealth in China. Many people lived along it, and still do. So, if the grand canal was built during the Sui Dynasty, why is it so important in the Sung Dynasty? Well, during the Sung Dynasty food was shipped from southern China to the capital in the North. This was very profitable, and reached its peak during this Dynasty.
As all golden ages, people were now allowed to really prosper. The Sung Dynasty invented the compass, movable type printing press and woodblock printing. Many things were discovered in science, philosophy, and engineering. Confucianism and Buddhism expanded. And, as in the Tang Dynasty, trade flourished and paper money began to be used.
Wow the sung Dynasty was beautiful... and life was easy! It was so sad that it had to be overthrown! Ah well... it was time well traveled.
http://www.toddborg.com/Art.htmhttp://www.suite101.com/content/art-and-literature-of-the-sung-dynasty-a142922
Mongols take China
In 1200 the mongols, led by Genghis Kahn (A.K.A Universal Ruler), took over northern China. Genghis Kahn, who I visited briefly, was born in 1162 and lived until 1227, and united warring mongol tribes. How did he do this when no one else could? Well, at the age of 15 he was put in prison and humiliated. Upon escaping, he learned how to influence people with his words, allowing him to unite the Mongols. Thus, he had power to overtake China and impose Mongol Rule on them. Genghis Kahn was known as a ruthless, determined, and courageous leader, and after meeting him I understood why. Genghis Kahn was determined. He tried hard to take over northern China, which was rewarded by him being successful. I talked to him about what he thought the main reason was to why he succeeded in taking China. He responded with his skilled horseman, and the fact that the Mongols were so united, as they hadn't been for a long time, or possibly, never had been before. 70 years after he took northern, his grandson Kublai Kahn conquered southern China. The Sung empire was conquered in 1279. For most of the time I visited this time period, I lived among the Chinese people. The mongols demanded absolute loyalty, had the best horseman in the world, didn't bug the people much as long as they paid a tribute to the Mongols, and had a strict military discipline. Only mongols were allowed to join the military, and only mongols could be government officials. This made it harder for Chinese people to revolt because they were not disciplined or trained in the military, and didn't have many weapons.
Kublai Kahn made Beijing the capital, and renamed it Khanbaliq. After Kublai's death, his son often attempted to expand the mongol rule even further. The mongol dynasty (also referred to as Yuan Dynasty) was the first and only to capture Russia during the winter. Ain Julet was the city that stopped the mongols from capturing Jerusalem, and stopped westward expansion.
After a while, mongol rule began to dwindle. China was just too big, and there weren't enough Mongols to keep China under there rule. Mongol rule ended, allowing the Ming (meaning brilliant) dynasty to take over.
http://www.historyofjihad.org/mongolia.html
Kublai Kahn made Beijing the capital, and renamed it Khanbaliq. After Kublai's death, his son often attempted to expand the mongol rule even further. The mongol dynasty (also referred to as Yuan Dynasty) was the first and only to capture Russia during the winter. Ain Julet was the city that stopped the mongols from capturing Jerusalem, and stopped westward expansion.
After a while, mongol rule began to dwindle. China was just too big, and there weren't enough Mongols to keep China under there rule. Mongol rule ended, allowing the Ming (meaning brilliant) dynasty to take over.
http://www.historyofjihad.org/mongolia.html
Zheng He
Admiral Zheng He... wow there is so much to say about him. When I visited him, he allowed me to go on his 7 voyages with him. These voyages took place from 1405-1433. Admiral Zheng He and I spent alot of time together, we were so close, he allowed me to call him He! I learned alot about him, like how he was born in 1371. The great thing about time traveling is I could "fast forward" through the slow parts of his life and the boring parts of the voyages, and push play when it got exciting. These voyages during the Ming dynasty were very exciting though.
The fleet Zheng He led consisted of 300 ships, bigger than anything the world had ever seen before. 9 mast vessels, little transport ships, Zheng He was an explorer of the new world. He visited 37 countries, commanded this huge fleet, and some historians argue he could have visited America before Columbus. In 1433 in India he dies. I didn't want to come back to the present just yet, I wanted to see what would happen to this grand fleet. It was disastrous really. Horrible. The new emperor had Zheng He's fleet burned.
Of course, destroying this fleet had it's consequences. The Ming Dynasty had now said to the world they didn't want to conquer it. China had its chance, with the biggest fleet, gun powder, an army. But they destroyed it. China was now weakened.
This spiked my interest. I know, given the chance, any other ruler would have conquered the world. So, I asked the Emperor why. His response? Don't take it word for word, but something along the lines of "I want to fix China's problems, and how could I do that if I was worrying about conquering the whole world?"
Wise words my friend, wise words. Wise until China became captured by the Europeans. And the worst part of that was China's own inventions were used against itself. But, that's another adventure. And that sums up Zheng He's time, and what he did for China. This also ends my time traveling adventure, for now. I hope you enjoyed it as much as I did :)
The fleet Zheng He led consisted of 300 ships, bigger than anything the world had ever seen before. 9 mast vessels, little transport ships, Zheng He was an explorer of the new world. He visited 37 countries, commanded this huge fleet, and some historians argue he could have visited America before Columbus. In 1433 in India he dies. I didn't want to come back to the present just yet, I wanted to see what would happen to this grand fleet. It was disastrous really. Horrible. The new emperor had Zheng He's fleet burned.
Of course, destroying this fleet had it's consequences. The Ming Dynasty had now said to the world they didn't want to conquer it. China had its chance, with the biggest fleet, gun powder, an army. But they destroyed it. China was now weakened.
This spiked my interest. I know, given the chance, any other ruler would have conquered the world. So, I asked the Emperor why. His response? Don't take it word for word, but something along the lines of "I want to fix China's problems, and how could I do that if I was worrying about conquering the whole world?"
Wise words my friend, wise words. Wise until China became captured by the Europeans. And the worst part of that was China's own inventions were used against itself. But, that's another adventure. And that sums up Zheng He's time, and what he did for China. This also ends my time traveling adventure, for now. I hope you enjoyed it as much as I did :)
http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/140873
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